Healthcare Informatics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Healthcare Informatics - Essay Example One critical question that one should reflect on is whether the patients are aware of the privacy risks involved in exposing their personal health data? (Chbeir & Al Bouna, 2013). Or whether there are appropriate policies for these social sites that guarantee the safety of the information to avoid health data security breaches that may turn costly on the part of the information owners? Awareness and education of the users are of paramount importance in mitigating the privacy risks. Li (2013) observes that there policy implications of using the health social networking sites and the stakeholders and the policy makers should elaborate them to protect the privacy of online health data. The health social networking sites are left to decide what information will be kept private and what will be shared. If there existed knowledge about the privacy settings, patients would be able to restrict the health data they want to keep secret. Healthcare Informatics After reading the work by Li (2013), I strongly support the option of privacy by education for mitigating the privacy risks surrounding the health data shared on the social networking sites. It should be noted that the health data collected from the social sites attracted unlimited commercial interests that can be used as business opportunities for medical research companies and partners.

Women Roles in Near and Middle Eastern, African and European Societies Research Paper

Women Roles in Near and Middle Eastern, African and European Societies - Research Paper Example Prior to the advent of Islam, the role and status of women was dependent on the tribe and area they belonged to or e.g. the Bedouin, the tribes of the south of the Arabian Peninsula, the tribes of Mecca etc. But the overall condition was still very bad because of the prevalence of customs like infanticide and unlimited polygamy. Women had virtually no legal status and no right to either inheritance or to divorce. V. M. Moghadam studied their situation and argues that the position of women was mostly influenced by the extent of urbanization, industrialization, and the political ploys of the management (Moghadam 4-9). Women had no role in the politics and had no suffrage rights. They were good only for producing male babies; female babies were even buried alive out of shame. Women were sold into marriages by their guardians and the suitor could end the marriage whenever he liked. Hatoon al Fassi, a Saudi historian, studied much earlier historical origins of Arab women's rights by using evidence from the ancient Arabian kingdom of Nabataea. Her findings indicate that Arab women in Nabataea had independent legal personalities but they lost many of their rights through ancient Greek and Roman law prior to the arrival of Islam. Many of these constraints became the part of the culture and were retained even after the advent of Islam (al-Fassi 12-18).The advent of Islam brought a lot of betterment for the condition of the women. They were given the right of inheritance and their consent was made necessary in marriage according to the edicts of Islam. Female infanticide was strictly prohibited. Quran, the Holy Book of Islam, carried the instructions that made elevated the status of women in the society. Where women were previously not allowed to get a formal education, its acquirement was made mandatory for both men and women in Islam. Women were seen in many roles after the arrival of Islam, as educators, teachers, and scholars and even as businesswomen. Women were fou nd working in a wide range of commercial activities and diverse occupations, for e.g. as farmers construction workers, lenders, dyers, spinners, investors, doctors and nurses, presidents of guilds, peddlers, brokers, scholars, etc. Muslim women also had domination over certain branches of the textile industry which was the largest and most specialized and market-oriented industry at the time, involving them in occupations such as dyeing, spinning and embroidery. In comparison and stark contrast, the property rights and wage labor for females were relatively uncommon in Europe until the Industrial Revolution in the 18th and 19th centuries. Similarly, women started playing an important role in the foundations of Islamic educational institutions, such as Fatima al-Fihri's founding of the University of Al Karaouine in 859. This positive trend continued through to the 12th and 13th centuries, when one hundred and sixty mosques and madrasahs were established in Damascus out of which twent y six were funded by women through the Waqf (charitable trust or trust law) system (Lindsay 191-196). Women of the contemporary Arab world

Kants Categorical Imperative: Summary and Analysis

Kants Categorical Imperative: Summary and Analysis Explain and discuss Kants categorical imperative. How appropriate are his views in todays criminal justice field? What is an imperative? An imperative is a command like, pay your expenses! or dont execute animals! A Hypothetical Imperative summon is based, restrictively, on the presence of a yearning, for example, On the off chance that you want to be a Doctor, you should think about science in school. If you would prefer not to go to medical school, then this order would not have any significant bearing due to the lack of craving. Kants Categorical Imperative is a command that is unequivocal, for example, Dont cheat on taxes. Even on the off chance that you are longing to cheat, and this would be to your advantage to cheat, you may not do so. Ethical morality has an association with the categorical imperative since morality is to such an extent that you are summoned by it, and is to such an extent that you cant quit it or claim that it doesnt have any significant bearing to you. There are no uncertainties in good activity, as indicated by Kant. Morality works as indicated by a categorical imper ative since we should act in a given way in light of the fact that the rationale is admirable, not on the grounds that we have assumed that we can accomplish certain goals accordingly. Immanuel Kant believed that certain types of actions (murder, theft and lying) were prohibited, even if the action brought happiness rather than its alternative. As a follower of Kant, there are two questions that must be asked before we act: Can I rationally expect that everyone act as I propose to act? If no, then the action is not performed.   And, does my action respect the goals of human beings rather than my own purpose? Again, if not, then the action is not performed.  Ã‚  Ã‚   Kants morals appear the premise of the possibility that we each have rights to flexibility, rationality and moral based attitudes. Since these rights are our own, we can make free, sound and decent decisions. Kant fights to state that individuals have a free will and ability to reason. Kants thinking is smart, in that he trusted that if someone happened to act ethically, then it is first fundamental to be allowed to pick between the good and the improper. In todays criminal justice system, Kant can exhibit sound hypothesis which is utilized by many, just as it was for a scholar of the 1900s. Kant stresses the inability to achieve ones own ends with certainty: I may take an act to promote some end, but nature, circumstances, and other people may conspire against me (Minkler, 1999). I read this as the atmosphere that our law enforcement are experiencing every day. Decisions are being made in the streets that appear to promote profiling or racism when, in fact, they are activities that are protecting our society. His hypotheses would, by many, be named as straightforward sound judgment in todays law enforcement world with the categorical imperative offering clear, insightful guidelines for the individuals who wish to put a supporting hypothesis to their everyday decision making regarding crime protection and prevention. Society can depend upon our law enforcement to remain rationale to manage their activities in crime prevention reasonab ly, however discernment is not because of logical behavior. Kant makes clear that the fact that we can think implies freedom. That we can think proves as a practical matter that we are free. Asking anything more goes beyond the bounds of what can be proved (Weiss, 1992). In todays criminal society a great example of Kants philosophy in action would be the Jeffrey Dahmer case. This solution answers the problem of Jeffrey Dahmer. The defense was attempting to prove Mr. Dahmer was intentionally performing gross acts that were created from his childhood. This theory is proven irrelevant. These occurrences as a youth are exclusive in their ability to cause mental issues. All mental and physical events have a cause. However, we must understand that Mr. Dahmers intentions are a mental act and assume it is free. To prove it was caused is a mistake. It depends on how it is looked at. The implications in the Dahmer case are this; If he is considered insane, he will be placed in a mental hospi tal rather than prison, and could be released after a year. His attorneys felt that this was a just decision because he was not an evil man, just sick. Kant states that nothing indicates you must be well to be guilty; it says you must have the intentions to do what you did. Is an intention a free action or caused by a condition is unanswerable and should not be a question asked in a court of law. By all accounts to include legally and practically, he is a guilty person. That is determined to be enough in the philosophy realm and should be enough in the court of society. References Minkler, L. (1999). The Problem with Utility: Toward a Non-Consequentialist/Utility Theory Synthesis. Review Of Social Economy, 57(1), 4-24. Weiss, M. D. (1992, Feb 11). Immanuel kant on the dahmer case. Wall Street Journal Retrieved from https://search-proquest-com.ezproxy1.apus.edu/docview/398293483?accountid=8289

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â€Å"Lets go smoke some weed man† now when that question gets asked to you, you might have to say no. Why is that? You think of the consequences that could come to you if you do it and get caught. As of now pot is illegal and most parents don’t accept there kid smoking weed. So in this paper I will tell you why pot should be legal. I will also give some things that have been said negative and I will disprove them. I will also discuss about hemp, what marijuana is and where it comes from. Also as you are reading this I will use two other names for marijuana these are pot and weed. If you smoke pot you will get high. Pot can do other things for you other then just get you high, you can benefit from marijuana . Pot comes from an all natural plant. Using marijuana and the growing of hemp (ingredient in marijuana making) are illegal in the US. Pot can be used for just the enjoyment of being high and feeling very relaxed. It also can be used as medicine which is legal and other things which I will discuss later. As for hemp it can be used for things like necklaces which you all have seen most likely. Hemp is sold all over the world. It is sold so often because of the things you can make with it. So why is weed illegal in the US. People just use it to feel more relaxed and in a calmer state of mind. Tobacco and alcohol are both used for the same reasons, but with many more negative side effects than pot. Tobacco and alcohol can create cancer and other things to harm you body. In many people alcohol brings out the worst of them. This usually happens when someone becomes an alcoholic. Many people become violent when they hit this point. In Maxim it said that more then seventy million Americans have smoked marijuana at some point in their lives. If you think about that statistic it isn’t hard to believe. At least for me because most people I know have at least tried it and that also includes older people like adults. Pot really has no true affects that will really harm you. I have never heard of any deaths caused by pot. Have you ever heard on the news that man died from an overdose of marijuana? I know I haven’t. Now think of how many deaths come from tobacco and alcohol about a half million. That is only deaths that doesn’t say how many people have lip cancer and things that aren’t going to kill them. People say marijuana is addicting, but marijuana is not an addict... ...ed to you as much. I know if I am at a party or just out I usually have people come up to me and ask if I want to by any weed. I do think it might make more people try it because they won’t worry about getting in trouble. I also think though that there isn’t a big thing if someone try’s it at least there trying it on there own free will and not being pressured. I also think that right now people use a drug like pot to rebel against there parents. Now I don’t think that it would be rebellion if it were legal. If that were so people would rebel against there parents by chewing come or eating a hamburger. So in conclusion why do we have this drug still being illegal. Pot has many positive effects which I discussed during this paper. Think of the things that would be better if pot was just legal and sold over the counter. Think how much cigarettes get sold I think pot would be sold twice as much and for more money. We should help are selves and let the kids get high and have are cops stop harassing these people, and find something that is hurting someone. People aren’t getting hurt from smoking some natural green weed. So everyone fight for your right to get high and have a good time.

The other peace settlements at the end of the 1st World War

To score two countries in a scale of 1 to 5 is not an easy thing. When you score something it mostly depends on which side you are. For example if you are a citizen of a defeated nation, you won't agree with the treaty at all, because you don't want your country to be smaller, you don't want your country to loose power! But as you had no choice then to accept that cruel treaty, you'll of course think it's VERY UNFAIR! And if you are a citizen of a new created state or a state that gain benefits from the defeated nations, you'll agree with the treaty, for example Czech citizen might be VERY happy of the treaties, because the Czechoslovakia were created. If there weren't any treaty, there'll be no Czech! For me as a foreigner (China), I'm looking at an outside way. I don't agree with the treaty! As your question asked, I can choose any two treaties of the four treaties, but it's for nothing, because I think all four treaties are unfair! I'll give 5 to all the treaties. The treaty took many territories from the defeated nations and some territories were very important for the country, because they are the main industry resource. In the treaty of Neuilly, they even took Bulgaria's power from the access to the Mediterranean. This point is VERY unfair! I think everybody might have access to the sea! Perhaps you'll think I'm very idealist, but I really think our world might be MORE fair! People might have more rights, the life of people might be more equal! They want to weak them as much as they can, that the defeated nations won't be able to attack them again. They are thinking only about their self. They are SO SELFISH! In fact some points of the treaty actually helped to stop the conflict between states, for example the treaty of St Germain. In this treaty Austria was separated from Hungary and many territories of Austria were given away and created as new states, but actually before this treaty, the old Austrian Empire had already collapsed in 1918 and many new states had already been set up, so this treaty was only sorting out the conflict between states. This point of the treaty is really not bad, but then many millions in Eastern Europe were given self-determination and freedom to rule themselves. Most of its industry had gone to Czechoslovakia. Nobody cared about how does this country (Austria) feels, how they think about it. So after this treaty, Austria collapsed and also suffered severe economic problems. All the defeated nations had to disarm and pay reparations. This is really very MEAN! The countries that made this treaty thought only about the benefits for them and to squeeze the defeated nations as hard as they can and also of course be sure they won't be able to attack them again. They've never thought about what will happen if they'll be the defeated nation, if they'll have to accept this kind of treaty. I'm sure if they are the one of the defeated nations, they won't agree with the treaty! From all the points, which I've written down, I give every treaty 5 on the scale of fairness.

Border and Coastal Security (Criminal Justice) Essay

`Hardened Border Paradox’ and `Open Border Paradox. The `Hardened Border Paradox’ refers to the situation when tougher border controls fail to achieve their objective – stop illegal migrants and smuggling. Instead, it is argued, these tougher controls create an atmosphere ripe for spread of criminal activity. Jeane J. Kirkpatrick, Senior Fellow in National Security Studies at the Council on Foreign Relations, in his written testimony before a hearing of the Committee on Foreign Relations, United States Senate noted that â€Å"draconian measures to police the border invariably provide incentives for informal arrangements and criminal conspiracies to overcome cross-border barriers to commerce and labor movements†. There appears an industry for helping illegal migrants, whereas the cooperation of law enforcement bodies is reduced when one side unilaterally pursues strict policies. The border becomes more â€Å"chaotic†, and tough regulation â€Å"creates a demand for those who are in the business of arranging the illegal crossings† (Kirkpatrick, 2004). This paradox can be resolved by combating illegal groupings and promoting cooperation at the border between authorities on both sides. The ‘Open Border Paradox’ includes the need to combat the movement of terrorists and smugglers across open borders without damaging the free flow of goods and services that benefits the economies of both nations. This paradox exists, for example, on the US-Canadian border where the flow of goods and services is in dependence on anti-terrorist measures. To overcome this paradox, authorities from both sides can create special projects targeting terrorists without jeopardizing trade flows. Kirkpatrick in his testimony points out the example of a bi-national â€Å"Integrated Border Enforcement Team (IBET)† created on the US-Canadian border to overcome smuggling in 1996. Is it cost effective to spend millions and millions of dollars in an effort to stop a handfull of people` who are bound to terrorize the United States? Counteracting the bunch of people bound to terrorize the United States is worth millions of dollars and perhaps even more. This number is commensurate with the devastating impact September 11th and other events had on the development of the American economy and national security. Efforts to combat terrorism within the United States are also costly. The negative effect of terrorist activities on the economic activities of Americans can hardly be overrated. Terrorism poses a risk to the United States and all of its business. Foreign partners contemplating a deal with US companies will be more reluctant to do so if they perceive the state as being in continuous danger of an external attack. This means loss in indirect costs from dangers to the national security, with the effect similar to that political instability in developing nations has on their ability to attract and retain direct foreign investment. The costs of failing to keep the terrorists out are therefore serious issues that have to be addressed in order to prevent the possible danger to the economy. In this way, these efforts are similar to risk management in business. The risk averted may never materialize, and all the costs seem to have sunk in vain; however, if the risk did materialize, the impact on business would have been much greater. Speaking of the need to avert a terrorist attack through anti-terrorism campaigns, one need not forget that it is not only economic prosperity that is at stake. The negative impact on the quality of lives of Americans from September 11th attacks cannot be measured in dollars alone, for here one must factor in the pain, the grief, and the fear that affected even those who only saw the attacks on TV. The government has to deliver public goods to the people, and national security is one of them. Therefore, spending large sums on anti-terrorist measures is a sound idea as long as helps to prevent the terrorists effectively from getting into the country and perpetrating their crimes.

The Poetry of Sylvia Plath Essays

The Poetry of Sylvia Plath Essays The Poetry of Sylvia Plath Paper The Poetry of Sylvia Plath Paper Plath’s real-life marriage to the poet Ted Hughes involved, as even a cursory glance of the biographic record indicates, a replication of the â€Å"Tyrant† theme associated with her father in her journals and in the poem â€Å"Daddy. † The sordid details of Plath’s marriage to Hughes involved sexual domination and submission, physical fighting, infidelity, poetic rivalry, and a exploration of occultism, including Cabalistic work and magickal operations. This latter consideration of magickal and cabalistic practices enjoins the poem â€Å"Daddy† in a veiled autobiographical reference â€Å"With my gipsy ancestress and my weird luck/And my Taroc pack and my Taroc pack/ I may be a bit of a Jew. † These lines may seem obscure - or purely within the invented scope of the poem; however, inspection of Plath’s biography reveals that these lines invoke her sense of oppression through mysticism likely brought upon by her magickal associations with Hughes. In addition to Cabala , astrology, and Tarot, Hughes practiced hypnosis on Plath seeking to guide her to self-affirmation and poetic inspiration. (Malcom). In â€Å"Daddy,† Plath identifies herself, mystically, as a persecuted Jew indicating that she regarded Hughes’ attempts to guide her as artificial and constraining of her own gifts, which, in turn, brought upon her own subjection to oppression. Instead of illumination, blackness, exudes from father and husband. Here, an important distinction between autobiography and narrative is made; a distinction which propels the poem in a Confessional mode from the merely personal, and thus becoming, perhaps, turgid or melodramatic rather than spell-binding and dramatic. This distinction is that Plath identifies her speaker with the Jews of the Auschwitz, Dachua, and Belsen concentration camps, exalting her personal mode of suffering brought upon by her fathers death and her abusive marriage to a stature that would resonate not merely with those familiar with the details of her life but with those who had never known her at all. That said, the poem gains its most sinister and perhaps most powerful energies from deeply autobiographical confession. That â€Å"Daddy† was written by Plath as an exercise in personal catharsis, as well as a lyric poem meant to excite large audiences, is obvious. The lines which seemingly abruptly refer to San Francisco: Ghastly statue with one gray toe / Big as a Frisco Seal / And a head in the freakish Atlantic. † identify the daddy in the poem â€Å"as a colossus who stretches across America from the Atlantic to the Pacifica colossus even larger than the one described in The Colossus. These seemingly obscure details are in fact references to Plaths father: the Ghastly statue with one gray toe is Otto Plaths gangrenous leg, and San Francisco Bay is where he conducted his research on muscid larvae. † (Plath 194). The poem’s narrative arc foreshadows suicide in the poem’s opening lines, and repeats the affirmation of suicide in the lines â€Å"At twenty I tried to die/ And get back, back, back to you.? I thought even bones would do. † Thus, suicide becomes the implicit form of revenge with the â€Å"stake† in Daddy’s â€Å"fat black heart† being the stake of death- and the poet’s death as an act of revenge and personal empowerment. Annas, Pamela J. A Disturbance in Mirrors: The Poetry of Sylvia Plath. New York: Greenwood Press, 1988. Plath, Sylvia. The Unabridged Journals of Sylvia Plath. New York NY Anchor Books. 2000. Plath, Sylvia The Collected Poems New York NY: HarperPerennial 1992. Malcolm, Janet. The Silent Woman: Sylvia Plath Ted Hughes. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1994.